JLPT N1 Vocabulary List
Page 6 of 7 · over 3,500 words with readings, romaji, and English meanings
N1 words - page 6 of 7
うずうずuzuuzu
itching to do, restless
受講じゅこうjukou
taking a course, attending a class
遊牧ゆうぼくyuuboku
nomadism
納税のうぜいnouzei
payment of taxes
母校ぼこうbokou
alma mater
贈賄ぞうわいzouwai
giving a bribe, bribery
楽天主義らくてんしゅぎrakutenshugi
optimism (as a philosophy)
喜寿きじゅkiju
77th birthday
自薦じせんjisen
self-nomination, putting oneself forward
総体的そうたいてきsoutaiteki
on the whole, as a whole
恩賞おんしょうonshou
reward (from a lord or ruler)
玄米げんまいgenmai
brown rice, unpolished rice
下心したごころshitagokoro
secret intention, motive
打撲だぼくdaboku
blow, hit (on the body), beating
採択さいたくsaitaku
adoption, selection, choice
紡ぐつむぐtsumugu
to spin
幹線かんせんkansen
main line, trunk line
不慣れふなれfunare
inexperienced, unfamiliar
老舗しにせshinise
old shop
水際みずぎわmizugiwa
water's edge, waterside, shore
観覧かんらんkanran
viewing
心得こころえkokoroe
know-how, proficiency
漆黒しっこくshikkoku
jet black
かぶれるkabureru
to react to, to be influenced by
蓮根れんこんrenkon
lotus root
精進しょうじんshoujin
concentration, diligence, devotion
不倫ふりんfurin
adultery
餃子ギョーザgyooza
gyoza, pan-fried dumpling
稲田いなだinada
rice field, paddy field
日取りひどりhidori
fixed date, appointed day
盆栽ぼんさいbonsai
bonsai
霰あられarare
hail (e.g., falling ice balls)
円満えんまんenman
harmonious, amicable
凡人ぼんじんbonjin
ordinary person, average person
忌まわしいいまわしいimawashii
abhorrent, detestable
蘇生そせいsosei
resuscitation
創出そうしゅつsoushutsu
creation, generation
扶養ふようfuyou
support, maintenance
年俸ねんぽうnenpou
annual salary
朽ちるくちるkuchiru
to rot
恥じらうはじらうhajirau
to feel shy, to blush
軒先のきさきnokisaki
edge of the eaves, house frontage
おどおどodoodo
coweringly, hesitantly
粉砕ふんさいfunsai
pulverization
地中海ちちゅうかいchichuukai
Mediterranean Sea
短歌たんかtanka
31-syllable Japanese poem
迎賓館げいひんかんgeihinkan
reception hall
動きうごきugoki
movement, activity, trend
逸話いつわitsuwa
anecdote
議案ぎあんgian
legislative bill
纏めまとめmatome
settlement, conclusion
堕胎だたいdatai
termination of pregnancy (formal or legal term)
振動しんどうshindou
oscillation, vibration
ノイローゼnoirooze
neurosis (GER: Neurose)
稚拙ちせつchisetsu
unskillful
疾病しっぺいshippei
illness
弁償べんしょうbenshou
compensation, reimbursement
呉服ごふくgofuku
draperies
失策しっさくshissaku
blunder, slip, error
採算さいさんsaisan
profit
国交こっこうkokkou
diplomatic relations
前々まえまえmaemae
a long time ago, long before now
不浄ふじょうfujou
uncleanliness
男優だんゆうdan'yuu
(male) actor
いざこざizakoza
trouble, quarrel
悩ましいなやましいnayamashii
seductive, melancholy, languid
備蓄びちくbichiku
emergency stores
～著～ちょ～cho
written by ~
随時ずいじzuiji
at any time
錯乱さくらんsakuran
confusion
あやふやayafuya
uncertain, vague, ambiguous
作りつくりtsukuri
making, how something is put together
呆れ返るあきれかえるakirekaeru
to be utterly amazed
ぶっきら棒ぶっきらぼうbukkirabou
curt, blunt, brusque
有り様ありさまarisama
state, condition
きしむkishimu
to jar, to creak, to grate
尊ぶとうとぶtoutobu
to value, to prize, to esteem
陥落かんらくkanraku
fall
紡績ぼうせきbouseki
spinning
妬むねたむnetamu
to be jealous, to be envious
非凡ひぼんhibon
exceptional, extraordinary
目先めさきmesaki
before one's eyes, immediate future
恭しいうやうやしいuyauyashii
respectful
泣きなきnaki
weeping, lamenting
代弁だいべんdaiben
speak for another
修道しゅうどうshuudou
learning, studying the fine arts
北欧ほくおうhokuou
Northern Europe, Scandinavia
主たるしゅたるshutaru
main, principal, chief, primary
躾しつけshitsuke
discipline, training
運送うんそうunsou
shipping, freight
整列せいれつseiretsu
stand in a row, form a line
呆気あっけakke
dumbfounded
民宿みんしゅくminshuku
minshuku, family-run guesthouse
自ずからおのずからonozukara
naturally, as a matter of course
法学ほうがくhougaku
law, jurisprudence
内乱ないらんnairan
civil war, domestic conflict
時期尚早じきしょうそうjikishousou
premature
威力いりょくiryoku
power, might, authority
立て替えるたてかえるtatekaeru
to pay on someone's behalf
本体ほんたいhontai
substance, body, trunk
引き取るひきとるhikitoru
to take back, to adopt, to leave
ばらまくbaramaku
to disseminate, to scatter
覆面ふくめんfukumen
mask, veil, disguise
重複ちょうふくchoufuku
duplication, overlap
議席ぎせきgiseki
parliamentary seat
慣れなれnare
practice, experience
茨いばらibara
thorn
内訳うちわけuchiwake
breakdown, itemization
禁じるきんじるkinjiru
to prohibit
船旅ふなたびfunatabi
voyage, trip by boat
むしるmushiru
to pluck, to pick, to tear
おろそかorosoka
neglect, negligence, carelessness
幹みきmiki
(tree) trunk
座談会ざだんかいzadankai
symposium, round-table discussion
上り坂のぼりざかnoborizaka
ascent, uphill, upward slope
塚つかtsuka
mound
私物しぶつshibutsu
private property, personal effects
鞠まりmari
a traditional Japanese ball
封建ほうけんhouken
feudalistic
兼業けんぎょうkengyou
holding two jobs at the same time
硫酸りゅうさんryuusan
sulfuric acid
請願せいがんseigan
a formal petition
儀ぎgi
ceremony
領海りょうかいryoukai
territorial waters
原案げんあんgen'an
original plan, draft
濁流だくりゅうdakuryuu
muddy current
てんでtende
(not) at all, altogether, entirely
凝視ぎょうしgyoushi
stare
修辞学しゅうじがくshuujigaku
rhetoric
繁茂はんもhanmo
growing thickly (of plants)
盟約めいやくmeiyaku
pact, pledge
微熱びねつbinetsu
slight fever
往診おうしんoushin
doctor's visit, house call
譜面ふめんfumen
sheet music
内陸ないりくnairiku
inland
天災てんさいtensai
natural calamity, disaster
痛切つうせつtsuusetsu
keen, deep
据え付けるすえつけるsuetsukeru
to install, to equip, to mount
盗品とうひんtouhin
stolen goods, loot
気流きりゅうkiryuu
atmospheric current
休戦きゅうせんkyuusen
truce, armistice
鎮痛剤ちんつうざいchintsuuzai
an analgesic (medical term)
おだてるodateru
to flatter
税務署ぜいむしょzeimusho
tax office
値下げねさげnesage
price reduction, price cut
公約こうやくkouyaku
campaign pledge, public promise
呼び声よびごえyobigoe
call, hail, yell
宣戦せんせんsensen
declaration of war
海路かいろkairo
sea route
どたばたdotabata
noisily, with a clatter
賓客ひんきゃくhinkyaku
guest of honor
光年こうねんkounen
light-year
ぼつぼつbotsubotsu
gradually, here and there, spots
瑠璃色るりいろruriiro
bright blue
碁盤ごばんgoban
Go board
淑やかしとやかshitoyaka
graceful
荒っぽいあらっぽいarappoi
rough, rude
逆立ちさかだちsakadachi
handstand, headstand
郷愁きょうしゅうkyoushuu
nostalgia, homesickness
介抱かいほうkaihou
nursing, looking after
統帥とうすいtousui
supreme command
魚介ぎょかいgyokai
seafood, fish and shellfish
思慕しぼshibo
yearning
瑞々しいみずみずしいmizumizushii
fresh and youthful, juicy
橋渡しはしわたしhashiwatashi
bridge building', mediation
人違いひとちがいhitochigai
mistaken identity, mistaking someone
伝来でんらいdenrai
ancestral, hereditary, imported
先着せんちゃくsenchaku
first arrival
栞しおりshiori
bookmark
胡座あぐらagura
sitting cross legged
侮蔑ぶべつbubetsu
contempt
北緯ほくいhokui
northern latitude
猛暑もうしょmousho
heat wave, fierce heat
職権しょっけんshokken
official authority, official power
軽食けいしょくkeishoku
light meal, snack, refreshments
手掛けるてがけるtegakeru
to handle, to manage, to work with
海抜かいばつkaibatsu
height above sea level
修学しゅうがくshuugaku
learning
子守こもりkomori
babysitting, looking after a baby
滞るとどこおるtodokooru
to stagnate, to be delayed
眠たいねむたいnemutai
drowsy, very sleepy
弟妹ていまいteimai
younger brother and sister
草の根くさのねkusanone
grassroots
出典しゅってんshutten
source (e.g. quotation), authority
巨匠きょしょうkyoshou
master
尺しゃくshaku
shaku (unit of length, about 30.3 cm)
失脚しっきゃくshikkyaku
losing one's position, downfall
含有がんゆうgan'yuu
containing (an ingredient), content
唆すそそのかすsosonokasu
to instigate, to incite
中和ちゅうわchuuwa
neutralize, counteract
ましてmashite
still more, let alone
先住せんじゅうsenjuu
original inhabitant, aboriginal
一重ひとえhitoe
one layer, single layer
汽笛きてきkiteki
steam whistle
釈明しゃくめいshakumei
explaining oneself, vindication
準じるじゅんじるjunjiru
to follow, to conform, to apply to
白書はくしょhakusho
white paper (government report)
動的どうてきdouteki
dynamic, kinetic
副業ふくぎょうfukugyou
side job, sideline
増税ぞうぜいzouzei
tax increase
検閲けんえつken'etsu
censor
変死へんしhenshi
unnatural death
和やかなごやかnagoyaka
mild, calm, harmonious
茜色あかねいろakaneiro
madder red, dark red
石器せっきsekki
stone tool, stone implement
尚且つなおかつnaokatsu
furthermore, on top of that
聞き取りききとりkikitori
listening comprehension
感無量かんむりょうkanmuryou
deep feeling, filled with emotion
礼状れいじょうreijou
letter of thanks, thank-you note
酷使こくしkokushi
overworking, driving too hard
アル中アルちゅうaruchuu
alcoholism
縫製ほうせいhousei
machine sewing, garment making
暗示あんじanji
hint, suggestion
教職きょうしょくkyoushoku
teaching profession
羅針盤らしんばんrashinban
compass
転回てんかいtenkai
revolution, rotation
懸賞けんしょうkenshou
offering prizes, winning, reward
眼科がんかganka
ophthalmology
山葵わさびwasabi
wasabi, Japanese horseradish
専らもっぱらmoppara
wholly, solely, entirely
和紙わしwashi
washi, Japanese paper
剥げるはげるhageru
to peel off, to fade
生育せいいくseiiku
growth, development, breeding
けなすkenasu
to speak ill of
仕組みしくみshikumi
structure, mechanism
信奉しんぽうshinpou
belief
利潤りじゅんrijun
profit, returns
脱税だつぜいdatsuzei
tax evasion
兜かぶとkabuto
helmet (of a warrior), headpiece
盲人もうじんmoujin
blind person
是正ぜせいzesei
redressing, putting right
貫き通すつらぬきとおすtsuranukitoosu
to stick to
警部けいぶkeibu
police inspector
購読こうどくkoudoku
subscription
おっかないokkanai
frightening, scary
謹むつつしむtsutsushimu
to be respectful, to be reverent
納まるおさまるosamaru
to be duly paid in, to be delivered
方向音痴ほうこうおんちhoukouonchi
no sense of direction
噛み切るかみきるkamikiru
to bite off, to gnaw through
売り手うりてurite
seller, vendor
荘厳そうごんsougon
solemn
先代せんだいsendai
previous generation, predecessor
就業しゅうぎょうshuugyou
employment, starting work
入植にゅうしょくnyuushoku
settlement, immigration
父方ちちかたchichikata
father's side of family
地主じぬしjinushi
a landowner
金槌かなづちkanazuchi
(iron) hammer
俗ぞくzoku
the worldly, the secular
電磁場でんじばdenjiba
electromagnetic field
大略たいりゃくtairyaku
outline, summary
官営かんえいkan'ei
government-run
混血こんけつkonketsu
mixed race, mixed parentage
司るつかさどるtsukasadoru
to rule, to govern, to administer
片～かた～kata～
single ~
参観さんかんsankan
visit, inspection
かなわないkanawanai
be beyond one's power, be unable
癒着ゆちゃくyuchaku
tissue adhesion, fusing together
弦楽器げんがっきgengakki
stringed instrument
実費じっぴjippi
actual expense, cost price
改訂かいていkaitei
revising an edition
風車ふうしゃfuusha
windmill
つかの間つかのまtsukanoma
moment, brief time,
取り替えとりかえtorikae
swap, exchange
務まるつとまるtsutomaru
be equal, be fit
不均衡ふきんこうfukinkou
imbalance
西日にしびnishibi
westering sun
日の丸ひのまるhinomaru
the Japanese flag
窒素ちっそchisso
nitrogen
片言かたことkatakoto
broken speech (e.g. broken Japanese)
網羅もうらmoura
covering
溶液ようえきyoueki
solution
団扇うちわuchiwa
fan
唐揚げからあげkaraage
fried chicken
真っ二つまっぷたつmapputatsu
in two equal parts
論評ろんぴょうronpyou
commentary, critique
脚色きゃくしょくkyakushoku
dramatization (e.g., film
疎外そがいsogai
alienation, being shut out
善し悪しよしあしyoshiashi
good or bad, merits and demerits
浪人ろうにんrounin
ronin
さらうsarau
to kidnap
慈愛じあいjiai
affection
張り紙はりがみharigami
notice, poster
陶芸とうげいtougei
ceramic art
無茶苦茶むちゃくちゃmuchakucha
absurd, messed up
踏まえるふまえるfumaeru
to be based on, to have origin in
漢語かんごkango
Chinese word, Sino-Japanese word
贈呈ぞうていzoutei
presenting a prize or gift
兼用けんようken'you
multi-use, combined use
けがらわしいkegarawashii
filthy, unfair
振り出しふりだしfuridashi
starting point, square one
就労しゅうろうshuurou
working, being employed
秀逸しゅういつshuuitsu
superb, first rate
勝ち負けかちまけkachimake
victory or defeat, winning and losing
残余ざんよzan'yo
remainder
いたわるitawaru
to care for, to be kind to
議事堂ぎじどうgijidou
Diet building
瞬時しゅんじshunji
moment
祈りいのりinori
prayer, supplication
全快ぜんかいzenkai
complete recovery of health
挑発ちょうはつchouhatsu
provocation
防火ぼうかbouka
fire prevention, fireproofing
特集とくしゅうtokushuu
special feature, special edition
雲行きくもゆきkumoyuki
weather, look of the sky
玄人くろうとkurouto
expert, professional
服役ふくえきfukueki
serving time (in prison)
優遇ゆうぐうyuuguu
preferential treatment
穂ほho
ear (of plant), head (of plant)
未練みれんmiren
lingering attachment, regret
曙あけぼのakebono
first light, the break of day
志向しこうshikou
intention, aim
触媒しょくばいshokubai
catalyst
きらびやかkirabiyaka
gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling
惰性だせいdasei
inertia, force of habit
脈拍みゃくはくmyakuhaku
pulse rate, the beat of the pulse
根底こんていkontei
root, basis, foundation
何遍なんべんnanben
how many times (casual)
竿さおsao
pole, rod
原点げんてんgenten
starting point, origin
醜悪しゅうあくshuuaku
hideous, repulsive
雫しずくshizuku
drop (of water)
還暦かんれきkanreki
60th birthday
年号ねんごうnengou
name of an era, year number
危ぶむあやぶむayabumu
to fear, to have misgivings
啓発けいはつkeihatsu
raising awareness, edification
水晶すいしょうsuishou
crystal
発足ほっそくhossoku
starting, inauguration
台本だいほんdaihon
libretto, scenario
小児科しょうにかshounika
pediatrics
短波たんぱtanpa
short wave
～薬～やく～yaku
drug, medicine (suffix)
傑出けっしゅつkesshutsu
being outstanding, excelling
インテリinteri
(abbr.) egghead, intelligentsia
平常へいじょうheijou
normal, usual
萎びるしなびるshinabiru
to shrivel, to fade
史学しがくshigaku
study of history
当～とう～tou～
this ~, our ~ (company, hotel)
かさばるkasabaru
to be bulky
口述こうじゅつkoujutsu
verbal statement
誤字ごじgoji
typo, misspelling
製鉄せいてつseitetsu
iron manufacture
うぬぼれunubore
pretension, conceit, hubris
控除こうじょkoujo
subsidy, deduction
対比たいひtaihi
contrast, comparison
淵ふちfuchi
deep pool, deep water, abyss
教習きょうしゅうkyoushuu
training, instruction
虚栄きょえいkyoei
vanity, vainglory
斡旋あっせんassen
kind offices, mediation
胴どうdou
trunk, body, frame
滑り台すべりだいsuberidai
(playground) slide
転任てんにんtennin
change of post
絶叫ぜっきょうzekkyou
exclamation
布巾ふきんfukin
dish cloth
徴収ちょうしゅうchoushuu
collection, levy
保養ほようhoyou
recuperation, rest
脱水だっすいdassui
dehydration
薄着うすぎusugi
being lightly dressed
陳情ちんじょうchinjou
lobbying, appealing in person
疎遠そえんsoen
drifting apart, losing touch
嗜好しこうshikou
taste, liking, preference
大麦おおむぎoomugi
barley
一抹いちまつichimatsu
a touch of, a tinge of
差額さがくsagaku
balance, difference, margin
ぞんざいzonzai
rude, careless, slovenly
空洞くうどうkuudou
hollow
寄贈きぞうkizou
donation, presentation
福寿ふくじゅfukuju
long life and happiness
景況けいきょうkeikyou
business conditions
鋼材こうざいkouzai
steel (as a material)
訓戒くんかいkunkai
admonition, warning (a lesson)
脆いもろいmoroi
brittle, fragile, tender-hearted
共働きともばたらきtomobataraki
dual income, both spouses working
山腹さんぷくsanpuku
hillside, mountainside
朗読ろうどくroudoku
reading aloud, recitation
擦れるすれるsureru
to get chafed, to wear out
しぶといshibutoi
tenacious, stubborn
叫びさけびsakebi
shout, scream, outcry
冥王星めいおうせいmeiousei
pluto
躍進やくしんyakushin
rapid progress
細やかこまやかkomayaka
meager, modest
毛虫けむしkemushi
hairy caterpillar, woolly bear
大腸だいちょうdaichou
large intestine
ぺこぺこpekopeko
fawn, be very hungry
惚けぼけboke
the funny one in a comedy duo
概算がいさんgaisan
approximation
水田すいでんsuiden
(water-filled) paddy field
蛋白質たんぱくしつtanpakushitsu
protein
葬るほうむるhoumuru
to bury, to entomb
凡庸ぼんようbon'you
mediocre
運搬うんぱんunpan
transport, carriage
病棟びょうとうbyoutou
hospital ward
行楽こうらくkouraku
outing, pleasure trip
ふんfun
hmm, well ..., humph, huh
某所ぼうしょbousho
a certain place
新陳代謝しんちんたいしゃshinchintaisha
metabolism
割高わりだかwaridaka
relatively expensive
原書げんしょgensho
original document
明朗めいろうmeirou
bright, clear, cheerful
用品ようひんyouhin
articles, supplies, parts
除名じょめいjomei
expulsion, removal (of a name)
冥界めいかいmeikai
underworld
概略がいりゃくgairyaku
outline, summary, gist
叙勲じょくんjokun
conferring of decorations
隠居いんきょinkyo
retirement, retired person
歌謡曲かようきょくkayoukyoku
Japanese popular music (a Showa era genre)
撲滅ぼくめつbokumetsu
eradication, stamping out
排水はいすいhaisui
draining, pumping water out
遭難そうなんsounan
disaster, shipwreck, accident
皇后こうごうkougou
japanese empress
水気みずけmizuke
moisture, dampness
受胎じゅたいjutai
conception
斑むらmura
unevenness, inconsistency
戸締まりとじまりtojimari
closing up, locking the doors
軽減けいげんkeigen
reduction, lessening
停学ていがくteigaku
suspension from school
空襲くうしゅうkuushuu
air raid
胎盤たいばんtaiban
placenta
嘲笑うあざわらうazawarau
to sneer at, to ridicule
鋳造ちゅうぞうchuuzou
casting
弔辞ちょうじchouji
message of condolence
倫理学りんりがくrinrigaku
ethics
瞬きまばたきmabataki
blink, blinking
原典げんてんgenten
original, source
制覇せいはseiha
conquest
子息しそくshisoku
(hon.) son
縁側えんがわengawa
veranda, porch
取り扱いとりあつかいtoriatsukai
treatment, handling, management
焦げ茶こげちゃkogecha
dark brown
乗っ取るのっとるnottoru
to take over, to hijack
赴任ふにんfunin
(proceeding to) new appointment
角膜かくまくkakumaku
cornea
極楽ごくらくgokuraku
paradise
蔵相ぞうしょうzoushou
Minister of Finance
虐殺ぎゃくさつgyakusatsu
atrocity
紛らわしいまぎらわしいmagirawashii
confusing, misleading, ambiguous
途絶えるとだえるtodaeru
to stop, to come to an end
自叙伝じじょでんjijoden
autobiography
閃くひらめくhirameku
to flash, to sparkle
びりbiri
last on the list, at the bottom
戯れるたわむれるtawamureru
to toy with
空き瓶あきびんakibin
empty bottle
一周忌いっしゅうきisshuuki
first anniversary of death
苗木なえぎnaegi
seedling
気立てきだてkidate
good-natured, kind-hearted
見込みみこみmikomi
prospects, expectation, hope
手回してまわしtemawashi
preparations, arrangements
免職めんしょくmenshoku
dismissal, sacking, discharge
丸々まるまるmarumaru
completely
感度かんどkando
sensitivity, severity (quake)
賄うまかなうmakanau
to cover (costs), to provide (meals)
国有こくゆうkokuyuu
national ownership
急進きゅうしんkyuushin
rapid progress, radical progress
初雪はつゆきhatsuyuki
first snow (of the season)
抹殺まっさつmassatsu
obliteration
すみやかsumiyaka
speedy
両極りょうきょくryoukyoku
both extremes, both poles
血脈けつみゃくketsumyaku
a blood vessel
略奪りゃくだつryakudatsu
pillage, looting, robbery
親睦しんぼくshinboku
close friendship, camaraderie
隔たるへだたるhedataru
to be distant
真下ましたmashita
right under, directly below
諭すさとすsatosu
to admonish, to persuade
人文じんぶんjinbun
humanities, human culture
手際てぎわtegiwa
performance, skill, tact
旅券りょけんryoken
passport
参議院さんぎいんsangiin
House of Councilors
自粛じしゅくjishuku
self control
議決ぎけつgiketsu
resolution, decision, vote
弊害へいがいheigai
evil effect
稲光いなびかりinabikari
(flash of) lightning
題するだいするdaisuru
to title
庶務しょむshomu
general affairs
手芸しゅげいshugei
handicrafts
耕作こうさくkousaku
cultivation, farming
枯れ木かれきkareki
dead tree
挽き肉ひきにくhikiniku
minced meat, ground meat
都庁とちょうtochou
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
塗料とりょうtoryou
a coating, a varnish
予てかねてkanete
previously, already, lately
抱擁ほうようhouyou
embrace
還元かんげんkangen
resolution, reduction, return
行き違いいきちがいikichigai
misunderstanding, disagreement
垢あかaka
grime, ingrained dirt
祝賀しゅくがshukuga
celebration, congratulations
冷やかすひやかすhiyakasu
to tease, to make fun of
歳入さいにゅうsainyuu
annual revenue (government)
リートriito
lied (German art song)
肺臓はいぞうhaizou
lungs (anatomical term)
戒告かいこくkaikoku
official reprimand
漏出ろうしゅつroushutsu
leakage, leak
全損ぜんそんzenson
total loss
損なうそこなうsokonau
to spoil, to mar
諦観ていかんteikan
resignation to one's fate, acceptance
洗濯屋せんたくやsentakuya
dry cleaners
激論げきろんgekiron
heated argument, heated debate
奉納ほうのうhounou
dedication
網膜もうまくmoumaku
retina
創刊そうかんsoukan
launching (a publication), first issue
虐げるしいたげるshiitageru
to oppress
倍率ばいりつbairitsu
diameter, magnification
濃紺のうこんnoukon
dark navy blue